��˽�־��ЙC��Ⱦ��᣿

��r�g��2011-12-09 10:12 ��Դ�� : ��x��2349

�o���˹�¸砖Ħ��s��ʮ��

��o��Ї��˹�¸砖Ħ��s��ʮ��,��խh(hu��n)��o��_�o��h��Y��Ї��־��ЙC��Ⱦ��(��QPOPs)��Ⱦ��κ��С�˹�¸砖Ħ��s��Mչ�ͳɿ�,��ˮ�ǰ��ʽ��΄�,��һ�A�η��ι��־��ЙC��Ⱦ��ʲô,��к�Σ��,��˹�¸砖Ħ��s��ڱ��o����ͭh(hu��n)��ܳ־��ЙC��Ⱦ��Σ��棬��ЩҎ(gu��)��,��ڡ��֪��P��}�M�н��x,��

ʲô�ǳ־��ЙC��Ⱦ�

��x

�־��ЙC��Ⱦ��,��Ӣ�Ŀs��POPs,��ָ��и߶��,��M��h(hu��n)��y�Խ��,��e�ۣ��ͨ�^�՚�,��ˮ��w��N�M��L��xԽ��w�Ʋ��e��h�x��ŷŵ��c�ĵ؅^(q��),��S��ꑵ��B(t��i)ϵ�y(t��ng)��ˮ��B(t��i)ϵ�y(t��ng)�зe��?sh��)حh(hu��n)��w��ɇ��ؓ��Ӱ푵��Ȼ��˹��ϳɵ��ЙC��,��

��|

��H�Ϲ��JPOPs��4��Ҫ��:(1)�h(hu��n)��־��:��POPs��ｵ��,��⡢��W�ֽ��^�ߵĵֿ��,��y�ڱ��ֽ�,��(2)��۷e��:��е�ˮ��,��֬��Ե��c��w֬��M��M��e��,��ڄ��w��_��ж��ĝ��,��(3)�h��x�w��:��ͨ�^��l(f��)��ڴ��h(hu��n)��h��x�w�ƣ��ȫ�򷶇��Ⱦ��,��(4)�߶��:POPs�󶼾��“��(�°�,��»��ͻ׃)”Ч��,��

�N�

��롶˹�¸砖Ħ��s��ܿ��ε�12�NPOPs�֞�3�:

һ��a——�ЙC�Ț��x��:�ε��,��ȵ��ρ�`,��τ�,��τ��τ�,��,��ң��a——��I(y��)��WƷ:��ȱ��Ͷ��(li��n)��,��ǟo��ŷ�——��I(y��)��a�^�̻�ȼ��a�ĸ��aƷ:��Ӣ(��ȶ��Ӣ),��߻�(��ȶ��߻�)��

Σ��

�־��ЙC��Ⱦ��܌�Ұ��w��ɇ��Σ��,��

��ϵ�y(t��ng)��Σ��:POPs��ϵ�y(t��ng)��,��w�Ĳ��ֿ��

��ȷ��ϵ�y(t��ng)��Σ��:��NPOPs��C��靓�ڵăȷ��ڸɔ_��|,��

��ֳ�Ͱl(f��)��Σ��:��w��¶��POPs��F(xi��n)��ֳ�ϵK,��Ρ��C�w��ȬF(xi��n)��,��

�°��:��H��Y�о��C��POPs��°��M��˷��,��Ӣ�е�һ�N(TCDD)��О�I�(��w�°��)��(li��n)��(PCBs)��ﱻ�О�IIA�(�^��ܵ��w�°��),��ȵ�,��ε��顢��,��ȱ�,��ρ�`��ұ��О�IIB�(��ܵ��w�°��),��

��˹�¸砖Ħ��s��Щ��,��

��˹�¸砖Ħ��s��ȫ�Q�ǡ��P�ڳ־��ЙC��Ⱦ��˹�¸砖Ħ��s��ַQPOPs��s��Ǉ��H��b��POPs��ȫ����ɵć��Σ��,��̭��pPOPs��ɺ��ŷ�,��o�h(hu��n)��POPs��Σ��ͬ��һ��Ҫ��H�h(hu��n)��s��s��2004��5��17��ʽ��ȫ��Ч,��ֹ2005��5��,��151��һ�M��ˡ�˹�¸砖Ħ��s��98��һ�M��ʽ��ԓ��s,��҇��ǹ��s��ʽ��s��,��2001��5��23��𹫼s�ć��֮һ��2004��11��11��,��s��ʽ��҇��Ч,��

Ŀ��

�ӛ�A��ԭ�t��o����ͭh(hu��n)��ܳ־��ЙC��Ⱦ��Σ��,��

Ŀ��

��12�N(�)��Σ�U��POPs,��֧��^��ȫ��Ʒ�^�ɣ��POPs��ȡ�Є�,��POPs��߀��POPs��O��,��f(xi��)ͬ��ڛ]��POPs��δ��

��Ҫ��

��˹�¸砖Ħ��s��ǰ��,��ĺ͸��3��,��ǰ��U��һЩԭ�t��J�R��繲ͬ��Ѕ^(q��)�e��ԭ�t,��A�ȷ��ԭ�t��,��

��Ҏ(gu��)��Ҫͨ�^��a��M��,��ʹ�ú�̎�õȴ�ʩ�p�ٲ��K��a��POPs��ŷ�:��a��ʹ�îa��POPs�ŷ�,��s��ֹ��@Щ��WƷ��a��ʹ�ã��s��x��ƶ�Ӌ��,��POPs�Ď��P�U��,��íh(hu��n)��o��ʽ�M�й��͵��rˎ�͹��I(y��)��WƷ,��s��ȡ��ʩ,��POPs��ԵĴ���WƷ��a��ʹ��M�й��ƣ��POPs��M��ڃH��ض��İ��,��ԭh(hu��n)��o��̎�Þ�Ŀ�ĵ��M��,��

��˹�¸砖Ħ��s��ͬ�rҎ(gu��)��aPOPs�Ę˜ʺͳ��,��Լ��Y��YԴ�͙C��,��Ҫ��l(f��)�_��ṩ�~��Y��YԴ�ͼ��gԮ��⣬߀��P��Ϣ��Q,��J�R�ͽ��,��о��_�l(f��)�ͱO(ji��n)�y��,��Ч�u��ȷ��ėl��,��

�vʷ�ظ�

�I��ӑՓ�A��:��(j��)(li��n)�χ��h(hu��n)��Ҏ(gu��)��19��1997��2��ͨ�^GC/13C̖�Q�h��鱣�o����ͭh(hu��n)��,��(li��n)�χ��h(hu��n)��Ҏ(gu��)��f(xi��)ͬ��P��H�M��ؓ؟�M��P�ڳ־��ЙC��Ⱦ��gՄ��ί�T��(INC),��ؓ؟�M��h��1998��6��ڼ��ô��M��˵�һ��Մ�Е��h,��֮��ֽ�(j��ng)�^��1999��1��ڿ��၆��_��,��1999��9��ʿ�Ճ��ߡ�2000��3��ڵ��,��2000��12��ϷǼs��˹��Ĺ�5��Մ�Е��h,��Լ�1998��10��̩��ȡ�1999��6��ھSҲ�{�ăɴ��P�ڳ־��ЙC��Ⱦ��Y�x�˜ʼ��򌣼ҽM��h��D��Մ��,��

��s��:��P�ڳ־��ЙC��Ⱦ��˹�¸砖Ħ��s��2001��5��22~23��,��˹�¸砖Ħ�e�е�ȫ��ͨ�^��127��,��11��(li��n)�χ��T�C��,��4��g�M��68��M��Ĵ��600��˅��˱��ȫ��,��110��Һ��˴��,��90��Һ��ˡ�˹�¸砖Ħ��s��ʽ��־��ЙC��Ⱦ��(zh��n)��M��,��

�v�ξ��s��:��˹�¸砖Ħ��s��һ�ξ��s��2005��5��2~6��ڞ��e��,��h��h��Ҏ(gu��)�t��˽�Q,��Ч�u��,��gԮ��ض��h�}�M��h,��
��ڶ��ξ��s��2006��5��1~5��ʿ�Ճ��e��,��h��Ҫ��h��ͨ�^�˹��s��Ч�u��Y��C��,��gԮ��,��f(xi��)ͬ��Ч��ļs��},��POPs��h�},��

��ξ��s��2007��4��30��5��4��ȼӠ��׶��_��_,��h��Ҫ��h��ͨ�^�˹��s��Ч�u��gԮ��,��f(xi��)ͬ��Ч,��ļs��}��POPs,��ѿ��м��g/��ѭh(hu��n)��`(BAT/BEP)��t��22헛Q�h,��

��Ĵξ��s��2009��5��4~8��ʿ�Ճ��e�С��h�Q��й�9헳־��ЙC��Ⱦ��ڗl�s��,��ֹ��ʹ��,��@9�N�־��ЙC��Ⱦ��:α—��ȭh(hu��n)��顢β—��ȭh(hu��n)��,��(li��n)��Ѻ��(li��n)��,��(li��n)��Ѻ��(li��n)��ѡ�ʮ��ͪ,��(li��n)��,��ֵ��ȱ��Լ�PFOS/PFOSF,��

��ξ��s��2011��4��25~29��ʿ�Ճ��e��,��

��h�Q��W��|��빫�s��A“��”��ܿط��ͬ��һЩ��ﲡ�x��ϵĻ��,��

��~��

ʲô��“��”��Ӣ,��

��Ӣ��һ�M��Ľy(t��ng)�Q��ȴ��h(hu��n)��N��,��oɫ��ɫ�ĽY��w,��Ӣ��Ȼ��д��O�٣��Ҫ��캬�Ȼ��WƷ,��U��ٟ�,��U�ŷ��Լ��rˎ��a��̎��^��a��,��΢С��w��ڴ��,��ˮ�У��Ȼ��΢��ˮ��Ì��ķ��ӽY��Ӱ��^С,��,��h(hu��n)��еĶ��Ӣ��y��Ȼ��Ӣ�ل��,��䶾��ஔ��軯⛵�300��,��ǌ����Σ��Ļ��W��֮һ��

��һ��Ӣ�l(f��)���Ĳ��1987��,��o30��,���ɞ��(li��n)��rˎ��˵��I(y��)��,��Ƥ�w����F(xi��n)��,��Сē�ݣ��ȫ��ʹ,��ɳ��m(x��)��(sh��)��,��

��⣬��Ӣ��w�Ķ��߀��ׂ��:�°��,��Ӱ��О�͌W��Ɂy,��Լ��؜p�١��򲡰l(f��)��,��߶��,��ӻ��ͺ��T�l(f��)�ӌm��Ĥ�ס��»�̥��õ�,��

С��R

��Ӝp��POPs,��

�õ��}ˮ��:һ��߲��ˮ�_ϴ3~6�飬Ȼ��뵭�}ˮ�н��1С�r,��ˮ�_ϴһ��,��

�ÉAϴ:��ˮ�з��һС��A�ۡ�̼��c,��ٷ��߲�,��5~6��犣��ˮƯϴ,��

��_ˮ�ݠC:��ཷ,��˻��ǵȕr,��_ˮ�ȠCһ�¿��90��Ě��rˎ,��

��ˮϴ:��ˮ��ԣ��ЙC��rˎ��|�͕�ʧȥ��,��ˮ�н��10��,��ʹ�߲��Ϛ��rˎ�ɷ֜p�١�

����D�d��ǳ��ڂ��f��Ϣ֮Ŀ��,��Ё�Դ��ע�e�`��ַ��ĺϷ��,��Ո��߳֙��C��c��W(w��ng)(li��n)ϵ��҂��r��,��h��,��x�x��