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ժ��Ҫ��Üp��Ĥ��s(VMD)��g(sh��)�M�е�̎��Uˮ�б�ϩ��Č��о��gԇ�,��ȡ ��õĽY(ji��)��.��ϩ��ȥ��98%��,��ˮ��ȵ��5 mg/L,�_��ŷſ��Ƶ�Ҫ ��.��Փ��͌�򞔵(sh��)��(j��)��f��,Һ��ضȺ��VMD�Ă��|(zh��)�ͱ�ϩ��Ó��Ч��кܴ� ��Ӱ�.��gԇ�ĽY(ji��)��ֱ��,��ն�,��Һ�ȡ��w�S�b��ܶȵȹ�ˇ��O(sh��)�䅢 ��(sh��)��һ��l��ϩ��Ó��Ч��Ҳ��^��Ӱ�.��ԇ�Y(ji��)��@ʾ,��һ�N�·f��ˮ ̎��g(sh��),VMD��ړ]�l(f��)��ЙC��Ⱦ��̎��l(f��)�]��Ҫ��.

�P(gu��n)�I�~��Ĥ��s��Uˮ̎��ϩ��

Ĥ��s(membrane distillation, MD)��һ�N�� Ĥ��x��g(sh��),��Â��f��(��ˮ,��ϩ��) ��ˮ΢��Ĥ��,��΃ɂ�(c��)��։��Ĳ�ͬ��M ��|(zh��)��x,��Ƃ伃ˮ��s��|(zh��),�� xˮ��Һ�еē]�l(f��)��ЙC��Ó��ˮ�е��ܽ��Ԛ� �w.��(j��)ϴÓ��һ��(c��)Ĥ��s��(��f�� )��Ĳ�ͬ,Ĥ��s�ɷ֞�ֱ�ӽ��|Ĥ��s,�� ϶Ĥ��s,��w��Ĥ��s�͜p��Ĥ��s��[1].�� Мp��Ĥ��s(vacuum membrane distillation, VMD)��m��ڏďUˮ�з��x��΢��]�l(f��)�� C��,��ܺĵ͡��o��Ⱦ�Ͳ��η��ȃ�(y��u) �c[2].

��ϩ��һ�N��Ҫ�Ļ��ԭ��,��a(ch��n)��ʹ ��^��д��Uˮ�ŷ�,��б�ϩ��ĝ�� 102~104mg/L.�ٟ��Ŀǰ��(n��i)��ձ��õĸ� ��ȱ�ϩ��Uˮ̎��,��H̎��ɱ��߶�� M�YԴ.��ϩ��ķ��c�^��(77·3��),��^�ߵē] �l(f��)��,΢��ˮ,��(y��ng)ԓ��Üp��Ĥ��s��g(sh��)��̎�� Uˮ�еı�ϩ��.��,�҂��Lԇ��VMD��g(sh��)�� x,��Uˮ�б�ϩ��Č��о�.�ڌ��о� �Ļ��A(ch��)��ְ��M��ԇ,ȡ��^�M��ĽY(ji��)��.

��Č��ҪՓ��̽ӑ��·��:

1)��VMD̎��ϩ��ȓ]�l(f��)��ЙC��Uˮ ��u�r;

2)Ӱ�VMD��xЧ��;

3)�cVMD��g(sh��)��I(y��)��(y��ng)��P(gu��n)��һЩ��ˇ ��O(sh��)�䆖�}.

1��VMD�Uˮ̎��^�̵ı��(sh��)

Ĥ��s�^�̳��ͨ��,��Ч�ʺͷ��xϵ��(sh��)�ȅ� ��(sh��)��[1].ֵ��ָ��: 1)��Ƃ伃ˮ�ȑ�(y��ng)��,�˂�ͨ��dȤ�� ήa(ch��n)Ʒ�Įa(ch��n)��ͼ��ȵ�ָ��.��ڏUˮ̎��,�� dȤ��ΏUˮ��Ⱦ��ȥ��̶Ⱥ͚�� ȵ�ָ��. 2)��ͨ��Ĥ��s��,��|(zh��)��(ˮ)�ĝ�Ⱥ� ��.��ˮ̎��Ă��|(zh��)��(��ϩ��)�ĝ�Ⱥܵ�,һ�� 102~104mg/L֮�g. ��ɂ��Ĳ,�б�Ҫʹ�ü��ܱ� �_VMD��ַ��ˮ̎��g(sh��)�Z�ą��(sh��)�ͷ�� VMD�Uˮ̎��^��.

1·1��|(zh��)��

��Ĥ��s��g(sh��)��ȡ��ˮ��s��|(zh��)�� ,��|(zh��)��r��Ĥͨ��́��[3,4].�� VMD��g(sh��)�ďUˮ�з��x��ϩ��΢��] �l(f��)��|(zh��)�r,�]�l(f��)��Ĥͨ��ǂ�׃��,�S�r�g�� ˥�p.��,��ͨ��́��ϩ��Ĥ�� s�^��еĂ��|(zh��)��r�ͱ��^��(f��)�s.Semmens��[5]�� c��ʼ��ȟo�P(gu��n)�Ă��|(zh��)ϵ��(sh��)K��(sh��),�� pĤ��Փ(double films)��(li��n)ģʽ(resis- tance in series)��̎��P(gu��n)�Ă��|(zh��)�^��.VMD��|(zh��) �^��ʾ��D,Ҋ�D1

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3��Y(ji��)��ӑՓ

4��Y(ji��)��Z

1)��VMD̎��Uˮ�еı�ϩ��ڼ��g(sh��)�ǿ� �е�,��ϩ��ȥ��_��99%,��ͳ�ˮ��5 mg/L��.

2)�ضȺ�Һ��ǿ��Ʊ�ϩ��Ó��Ч�� Ҫ��,��նȡ��Һ��,��w�S�b�� һ��l��ϩ��Ó��Ч��Ҳ��^��Ӱ �.

3)�mȻ��ԇ��Ч��M��,��ͨ�^��ԇ�� ȡ��P(gu��n)VWD�Ĺ�ˇ��O(sh��)��췽��S �ཛ(j��ng)�͔�(sh��)��(j��),�@Щ��(j��ng)�͔�(sh��)��(j��)��ڽ�󌍬F(xi��n) VMD�Ĺ��I(y��)��(y��ng)��Ƿǳ��F��.

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