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��20 ��o(j��)60 ��ԁ�, ��(n��i)��_ʼ�Ӵ󌦳��о�̽ӑ, ��Ҫ�w�F(xi��n)��ׂ��: ��(y��ng)��ˮ��о��[1- 3] ; ��ó��a(ch��n)ˮ��[4, 5] ;

�ĳ��ȡ�Ѓr��[6, 7] ; ��ó��ϩ��(f��)�ϲ��ϵ��[8]�ȡ��S��о��ڳ��, Ч�ʵ��, ��(j��ng)��ɱ��^��, �]�Ќ��H��a(ch��n)��x, ��Ҿ��ɶ��Ⱦ�Ȇ��},��

��(y��ng)��ڻ��K��a(ch��n)��ǽ�Q��@�N��I(y��)��w�U��YԴ��Ч;��, ��p�p��ѷŅ^(q��)��ˮ��Ⱦ,��I(y��)�Ľ�(j��ng)��Ч��ͽ��ϵİl(f��)չ��һ��x��

1 ԇ��c��

1.1 ԇ��

ˮ��: ��ЈԹ�ˮ��S325# ��ͨ��}ˮ��,��ȱ��e3 900 cm2 /g;

ɰ: �߹��|(zh��)ɰ, ��ģ��(sh��)��ɰ, �ȱ��e��2 300��2 800 cm2 /g,��ָ��(bi��o)��҇��ɰ��(GB/T 14684—2001) ;

��ʯ: ��Cе��Y��ƳɵĽ��ʯ, ��10��20 mm ��ʯռ70%; ��С��10 mm��ʯռ30%��ָ��(bi��o)��҇��ʯ,��ʯ��(GB/T 14685—2001) ;

ˮ: ��ԁ�ˮ;

��: ȡ�Ժ��ʡ��X�S��ш�, ��Y(ji��)��һ��ꐻ��, ��^��Y(ji��)�K��, ��Sɫ;��ཛ(j��ng)110 �汣�غ��2 С�r( ��ָ��) , 0.080 mm��׺Y�ɷ��Y��4%,��

��X�S��Ļ��W(xu��)�ɷ��1 ��ʾ��

1.2 ԇ򞷽��

�ı�1,��2 �ͱ�3 ��Կ��, ��ຬ��^�ߵ��}�|(zh��)�ɷ�, ��Һ��һ��(sh��)��Ĺ��}, ��(j��ng)��,��Ч�}�|(zh��)��_26%,��ͬ�r��к��ஔ(d��ng)��(sh��)��ğo��X��}��|(zh��), ��ˮ��ˮ��^��зų��Ě��}��®a(ch��n)��ɽ�ҷ��(y��ng), �Ķ��a(ch��n)��z��ԡ��Գ��һ�N��z��Ե��}�|(zh��)��ȡ��ˮ��, ��ڳ��@�N�V��,�x��ˮ��—��z�Y(ji��)��ȡ��,��ԇ򞹲�O(sh��)Ӌ�˃ɽM��ϱȷ��,��һ�M��ĥ��( ͨ�^0.08 mm �ķ��׺Y, �Y��^4%) �քe��15%��20%��25%ˮ��ȡ��ˮ��; ��һ�M��ý�(j��ng)700 ��џ��ĳ��քe��15%,��20%��25%ˮ��ȡ��ˮ��,��

��ԇ��x�û��O(sh��)Ӌ��ȵȼ��C20 �Ļ��, ̮��Ȟ�25��50 mm��͵Ļ��ԇ��20 ��ҵĝ�՚��B(y��ng)�o��A(y��)��g�ڷքe�y��ۺͿ��,��

��Ə��Ȱ��ʽӋ��:

fcu.o ≥ fcu.k + 1.645 σ

ʽ��: fcu.o —��Ə��(MPa) ;fcu.k —��w��Ș�(bi��o)��(zh��n)ֵ(MPa) ;

σ—��Ș�(bi��o)��(zh��n)��(MPa) ;1.645—��ď��ȱ��C��_95%�r�ĸ��ʶ�,��

��(d��ng)��ȵȼ��C20 �r, σ=2.5 MPafcu.o = 20+1.645 ×2.5 = 24 MPa

��(j��)��Ə��Ӌ��ϱȞ�:ˮ��ɰ��ʯ��ˮ=1��1.38��2.94��0.46��

��4 ��ϱȷ��

2 ԇ�Y(ji��)��ӑՓ

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��5 ��ˮ��ď��Ȝyԇ�Y(ji��)��,��

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�ɱ�5 �Y(ji��)��Կ��, ��ĥ��沿��ˮ��, �γ�ˮ��, ��(d��ng)��ˮ��^��m�r, ��ԫ@�ÝM��ď��,��ó��15%��ˮ��ˮ��, �ڿ��ۏ��c��(zh��n)ˮ��Ŀ��ۏ��ஔ(d��ng), �؄e�Ǯ�(d��ng)�g��_28 ��ĕr��, ��ۏ��ȸ��ӽ��mȻ�ڿ��ȷ��治��(zh��n)ˮ��, ��Ƕ��ܝM�㏊�Ȟ�C20 �Ļ��ď��Ҫ��; ��(d��ng)��ˮ��_��20%�r, �俹��ڻ��(zh��n)ˮ��ஔ(d��ng)�̶ȵĽ��, ��ǿ��ۏ��Ȼ��^�ӽ�; ��(d��ng)��ˮ��_��25%�r, �俹��ȺͿ��ۏ��ڻ��(zh��n)ˮ��@��,��@�f��˳��ˮ��һ��ķ��, ��^�@��, ��W(xu��)��ܵĴ��Ƚ��,��

ͨ�^��5, ߀��Կ��ˮ��7 �쵽28 ��Ŀ��ۏ��L�ٶȱ�ˮ��졣�mȻˮ��7 ��g�ڵĕr��, ��ۏ��Ҫ�Ȼ��(zh��n)ˮ��, ��28 ��g�ڵ�ˮ��ӵĿ��ۏ��ȱ�ˮ��Ҫ��,��

��ԇ�Y(ji��)��ĥ��w��΢,��һ��ˌ��϶��, ��һ��, Ҳ��ĥ��һ��ğo��X��}�ͻ��Թ��}��, ��ď��һ��a��á�

2.2 ��뽛(j��ng)700 ��џ��ˮ��Ȝyԇ�Y(ji��)��

��6 ˮ��700 ��џ��ԇ�Y(ji��)��

�ı�6 ��Կ��, ��(j��ng)700 ��џ�̎��ĳ��ˮ��, �䲻ͬ�g�ڵď��Ⱦ��в�ͬ�̶ȵ��, ��ǳ��^��r�ĺ��ڿ��L��^��,�,��ۏ��һ��̶ȵ��, ��^С��@�f��M��џ�̎��, ��ڵĻ��һ��ļ��l(f��)��,��f��ཛ(j��ng)�џ�̎��һ��Ļ��Թ��}, ��β- C2S ��һЩˮӲ�ԵV��|(zh��)��γ�, �ڌ��ͬ�ض��µĳ��( 300 ��,��500 �桢700��,��900 ��) �M��X �侀��ͼt��V��,

�Y(ji��)��C��ڽ�(j��ng)һ��ض�( 700 ��) ��џ��,��ஔ(d��ng)��(sh��)��β- C2S �γ�,��, ��(j��ng)�^�џ�̎��, ʹ��һЩ��ˮ�V��ĽY(ji��)��ˮ, ��Y(ji��)��(g��u)ˮÓȥ, ��ʹ��ԭ�нY(ji��)��(g��u)��Ɖ�, �γɟo��εā��(w��n)�Y(ji��)��(g��u), �Ķ�ʹ��Ļ��,��

3 �Y(ji��)Փ�cӑՓ

(1) ��(d��ng)��ˮ��15%��ҕr, ˮ��ď��, �؄e�ǿ��ۏ��c��ͨˮ��ஔ(d��ng), ��Ҳ��_��O(sh��)ӋҪ�󡣮�(d��ng)��ˮ��^20%�r��, �䏊��б��^��@��½�;

(2) ��700 ��џ��A(y��)̎��, ��Լ��l(f��)��ĝ��ڻ��, ʹˮ��700 ��џ��ȵĿ��,��Ⱦ��в�ͬ�̶ȵĸ��, ��϶��ͬ��ˮ��,��

(3) ��ý�(j��ng)һ��ض��џ�̎��ĳ��沿��ˮ��K��, ��ȷ��Ҫ��, ��ˇ��,��һ��(j��ng)��,��h(hu��n)��Ч��,��

��īI

1 ��d.ˮ��_�l(f��)��(y��ng)��о�[ J] .��,2000( 10) : 18- 19.

2 ��d, ��, ��d.ˮ��γəC��[ J] .��Ƽ��W(xu��)�W(xu��)��, 1996, 28( 2) :148- 150.

3 �ǲ�, ��³�, ��, ��.��ó��a(ch��n)�Ӛ��K��о�[ J] .�Ї��YԴ�C��, 2005( 6) :29.

4 ��.��ó��Ƃ��X��}��Ӳˮ��о�[ J] .�h(hu��n)��Ⱦ�c��, 2000, 22( 6) : 16- 17.

5 ��, ��־�A, ��|��, ��.��ˮ��{(di��o)��(ji��)�M�ֵ��о�[ J] .�Ͼ��I(y��)��W(xu��)�W(xu��)��, 2004( 5) :22- 23.

6 ��, ��, ��͢�A.�ĳ��}��Һ��ȡ�[ J] .��ɫ��c��, 2006( 8) : 19- 21.

7 �ĳ��л��F�ķ��[ J] .�h(hu��n)��, 2006, 26(4) :271.